Condition Lookup

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Sub-Category:

Behavioral Disorders

Number of Conditions: 1

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Specialty: Pediatrics

Category: Growth and Development Disorders

Sub-category: Behavioral Disorders

Symptoms:
inattention; impulsivity; hyperactivity; difficulty concentrating; trouble organizing tasks; forgetfulness

Root Cause:
Neurodevelopmental disorder caused by differences in brain structure and function, often involving dysregulation of dopamine pathways.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Clinical evaluation based on DSM-5 criteria, behavioral rating scales, and reports from parents, teachers, and caregivers.

Treatment:
Behavioral therapy, parent training programs, classroom interventions, and medications when needed.

Medications:
Stimulant medications (e.g., methylphenidate , amphetamines) and non-stimulants (e.g., atomoxetine , guanfacine , clonidine ). Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed and are classified as central nervous system (CNS) stimulants.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Estimated to affect 5-10% of children globally.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Family history of ADHD, low birth weight, prenatal exposure to tobacco, alcohol, or drugs, and adverse early life experiences.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Symptoms often improve with age, but many individuals continue to experience challenges into adulthood. With treatment, most children can function well in school and daily life.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Poor academic performance, low self-esteem, increased risk of substance abuse, and difficulties in relationships.